Tradition summary
essay 2022 McIntosh, Susan Keech

West African Late Stone AgeAfrica > Western Africa
This is a summary of the West African Late Stone Age tradition. Information is presented on major aspects of the West African Late Stone Age archaeological tradition....

Pathways to complexity
essay 1999 McIntosh, Susan Keech

West African Iron AgeAfrica > Western Africa
This is a review of the literature on African political systems. McIntosh makes the case for 'horizontal complexity,' i.e., complexity without hierarchy. She argues that one should not assume that complexity and hierarchy go hand in hand. The evidenc...

Modeling political organization in large-scale settlement clusters
essay 1999 McIntosh, Susan Keech

West African Iron AgeAfrica > Western Africa
McIntosh reviews the 1600-year archaeological sequence of Jenné-jeno in the Inland Niger Delta (IND). The evidence from Jenné-jeno shows nucleation and increasing population without agricultural intensification, social stratification, and large publi...

Tradition summary
essay 2022 McIntosh, Susan Keech & Berry, Sarah H. (Archaeologist)

West African NeolithicAfrica > Western Africa
This is a summary of the West African Neolithic tradition. Information is presented on major aspects of the West African Neolithic archaeological tradition....

Field survey in the tumulus zone of Senegal
article 1993 McIntosh, Susan Keech & McIntosh, Roderick J.

West African Iron AgeAfrica > Western Africa
This is a report on four surveys carried out in western Senegal. The region is famous for its burial mounds: 6982 in an area of 32,000 km. sq. Only the third survey zone (Region III) south of the city of Mbacké falls within the time period of the wes...

Current directions in west African prehistory
essay 1981 McIntosh, Susan Keech & McIntosh, Roderick J.

West African Iron AgeAfrica > Western Africa
This is a review article on west African prehistory. west Africa is defined as the region south of the Tropic of Cancer and west of the Cameroon highlands. The article begins with a discussion of the palaeoclimate of the region, revealing a series of...

Cities without citadels
essay 1993 McIntosh, Susan Keech & McIntosh, Roderick J.

West African Iron AgeAfrica > Western Africa
McIntosh and McIntosh use their data from Jenné-jeno to question long held assumptions regarding urbanism. The Jenné-jeno data shows a large concentration of population without monumental public architecture and settlement hierarhcy without evidence ...

Excavations at Jenné-Jeno, Hambarketolo, and Kaniana (Inland Niger Delta, Mali) :
1994 McIntosh, Susan Keech et al.

West African Iron AgeAfrica > Western Africa
The Inland Niger Delta (IND) site of Jenné-jeno is one of the longest Iron Age sequences in west Africa (250 B.C.-1400 A.D.), reaching its peak settlement density in 900 A.D. The archaeologists carried out a site survey in 1977 and returned in 1980 t...