Fauna

Animal by-Products

Bibliographies in Sources

Nutrition

Morbidity

Ornament

Dwellings

Ownership and Control of Capital

Status, Role, and Prestige

Accumulation of Wealth

Social Relationships and Groups

Ingroup Antagonisms

Territorial Hierarchy

Topography and Geology

Soil

Mineral Resources

Lithic Industries

General Tools

Identification

Cultural Participation

Reviews and Critiques

Sociocultural Trends

Ceramic Technology

Utensils

5311

Visual Arts

Diagnostic Material Attributes

Cereal Agriculture

Metallurgy

5310

Verbal Arts

Chronologies and Culture Sequences

Smiths and Their Crafts

Settlement Patterns

Weapons

Saving and Investment

Prayers and Sacrifices

Climate

Internal Migration

Land Use

Acculturation and Culture Contact

Writing

Property in Movables

External Trade

Weights and Measures

Masonry

Outbuildings

Building Interiors and Arrangement

Burial Practices and Funerals

Mourning

Innovation

Bone, Horn, and Shell Technology

Woodworking

Heating and Lighting Equipment

Location

Production and Supply

Commercial Facilities

Internal Trade

Tillage

Miscellaneous Facilities

Inheritance

External Migration

Religious Experience

Nonferrous Metal Industries

Occupational Specialization

Classes

Instigation of War

Fishing Gear

Personal Grooming

Ethnogeography

Hunting and Trapping

Fishing

Domesticated Animals

Pastoral Activities

Diet

Population

Animal Transport

Vehicles

Water Supply

Public Structures

Community Structure

Towns

Human Effects on Environment

Fire

Routes

Vegetable Production

Textile Agriculture

Pharmaceuticals

Gender Roles and Issues

Flora

Oratory

Community Heads

Community Councils

Local Officials

Organization and Analysis of Results

Tradition Summary: AQ47 Vedic

ORIENTATION

CULTURAL SUMMARY

CREDITS

ALTERNATE NAMES

REGIONAL SUBTRADITIONS

IMPORTANT SITES

ABSOLUTE TIME PERIOD

RELATIVE TIME PERIOD

LOCATION

DIAGNOSTIC MATERIAL ATTRIBUTES

ENVIRONMENT

SETTLEMENTS

ECONOMY

SOCIOPOLITICAL ORGANIZATION

RELIGION AND EXPRESSIVE CULTURE

CLIMATE

TOPOGRAPHY

GEOLOGY

BIOTA

FAUNA

FLORA

SETTLEMENT SYSTEM

COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION

HOUSING

POPULATION, HEALTH, AND DISEASE

SUBSISTENCE

INDUSTRIAL ARTS

ORNAMENTS

TRADE

DIFFERENTIAL ACCESS OR CONTROL OF RESOURCES

SOCIAL ORGANIZATION

POLITICAL ORGANIZATION

CONFLICT

RELIGIOUS BELIEFS

ARTS

DEATH AND AFTERLIFE

BIBLIOGRAPHY

FRONT

BODY

BACK

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The Vedic Tradition is as much a historical reconstruction from analysis of contemporary literature—principally the Rigveda—as it is an archaeologically defined culture. The core area of the Rigveda is the Punjab in India and Pakistan, but the tradition extends from the Swat Valley through north-central India and south to Gujarat, from 3900-2500 BP. Following the fall of the state-level society of the preceding Mature Indus Tradition, the Vedic Tradition became a rural agricultural society of regional subtraditions, with no archaeological evidence of social stratification and few luxury goods. Trade became largely local, with goods produced by only part-time specialists. While copper metallurgy persisted, iron tools gradually became more prominent after 3000 BP. A two-tiered settlement hierarchy appeared toward the end of the tradition, signifying a chiefdom-level society.

Vedic

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