article

Complex hunter-gatherer-fishers of prehistoric California: Chiefs, specialists, and maritime adaptations of the Channel Islands

American antiquity57 (1) • Published In 1992 • Pages: 60-84

By: Arnold, Jeanne E..

Abstract
Arnold presents an overview on the Santa Cruz Island Chumash and proposes a model of the development of a simple chiefdom society on the Santa Barbara Channel Islands and presents evidence to support it. Arnold believes there was a population-natural resource imbalance due to severe climatic changes circa 850 B.P. - 750 B.P. (1150-1250 A.D.). This caused food shortages which were offset by intensifiying trade. (The Chumash plank canoe was able to transport up to two tons of goods and could be used for fishing.) This lead rising elites to gain control of certain natural resources, such as chert quarry sites, microblade and bead production, and canoe production and operation to insure they had materials and means to trade.
Subjects
Theoretical orientation in research and its results
Climate
Fauna
Prehistory
Diet
Ornament
General tools
Chronologies and culture sequences
tradition
Late Southern California
HRAF PubDate
2000
Region
North America
Sub Region
Northwest Coast and California
Document Type
article
Evaluation
Creator Type
Archaeologist
Document Rating
4: Excellent Secondary Data
5: Excellent Primary Data
Analyst
Sarah Berry ; 1998
Field Date
not specified
Coverage Date
1500 BP - 218 BP (500-1782 A.D.)
Coverage Place
Santa Cruz Island, Calif., United States
Notes
Jeanne E. Arnold
Includes bibliographical references (p. 78-84)
LCCN
46036122
LCSH
California--Antiquities