An Early Woodland community at the Schultz site 20SA2 in the Saginaw Valley and the nature of the Early Woodland adaptation in the Great Lakes region

Ozker, Doreen

book chapter

An Early Woodland community at the Schultz site 20SA2 in the Saginaw Valley and the nature of the Early Woodland adaptation in the Great Lakes region

Museum of Anthropology, The University of Michigan • Ann Arbor, Mich. • Published In 1982 • Pages: xviii, 1-252, 261-273

By: Ozker, Doreen.

Abstract
Ozker, using the collections at the University of Michigan, reanalyzed the material on the Schultz site. She describes the various excavations and their findings at the Schultz site. She compares the Schultz site with other Early Woodland and Late Archaic sites; first in Michigan and then north of 38 degrees latitude. She concludes there was a hiatus between the Late Archaic in the Saginaw Valley and the Early Woodland and another hiatus before people returned during the Middle Woodland. She makes the case that Early Woodland subsistence strategy was a complete systemic cultural change from the Late Archaic as it required changes in scheduling, especially for squash planting and harvesting, there were changes in hunting patterns, there was a greater contribution of nut oil into the subsistence base, and funerary mounds show evidence of ideological changes. She also hypothesizes that populations from the lower Illinois Valley followed rivers north into the Great Lakes area and brought with them Early Woodland culture.

Archaeological excavation methods

Heating and lighting equipment

Settlement patterns