Settlement Patterns

Community Structure

Territorial Hierarchy

Masonry

Dwellings

Nuclear Family

Climate

Water Supply

Disasters

Bibliographies in Sources

Fauna

Fishing

Diet

Hunting and Trapping

Fishing Gear

Domesticated Animals

Pastoral Activities

Wool Production

Tillage

Textile Agriculture

Utensils

Animal by-Products

Woven and Other Interworked Fabrics

Bone, Horn, and Shell Technology

Woodworking

Ceramic Technology

Lithic Industries

Smiths and Their Crafts

Nonferrous Metal Industries

Paint and Dye Manufacture

5311

Visual Arts

Musical Instruments

Ritual

Organized Ceremonial

Routes

Spirits and Gods

Sacred Objects and Places

Revelation and Divination

Exchange and Transfers

External Trade

Division of Labor by Gender

Occupational Specialization

Ownership and Control of Capital

Social Relationships and Groups

Burial Practices and Funerals

Gender Roles and Issues

Identification

Chronologies and Culture Sequences

Flora

Recreational and Non-Therapeutic Drugs

Music

Warfare

Aftermath of Combat

Prayers and Sacrifices

Acculturation and Culture Contact

Ornament

General Tools

Bodily Injuries

Weapons

Community Heads

Military Installations

Instigation of War

Topography and Geology

General Character of Religion

Ethnometeorology

Ethnogeography

Ethnozoology

Miscellaneous Facilities

Status, Role, and Prestige

Classes

Lineages

Public Structures

Religious and Educational Structures

Labor and Leisure

Location

Cereal Agriculture

Vegetable Production

Arboriculture

Population

Morbidity

Mortality

Special Garments

Shamans and Psychotherapists

Priesthood

Reviews and Critiques

Normal Garb

Personal Grooming

Body Alterations

Cultural Participation

Form and Rules of Government

Sociocultural Trends

Land Use

Diagnostic Material Attributes

Soil

Food Preparation

Mats and Basketry

Miscellaneous Structures

Tradition Summary: Nazca (SE51)

ORIENTATION

CULTURAL SUMMARY

CREDITS

ALTERNATIVE NAMES

ABSOLUTE TIME PERIOD

RELATIVE TIME PERIOD

LOCATION

DIAGNOSTIC MATERIAL ATTRIBUTES

IMPORTANT SITES

ENVIRONMENT

SETTLEMENTS

ECONOMY

SOCIOPOLITICAL ORGANIZATION

RELIGION AND EXPRESSIVE CULTURE

CLIMATE

TOPOGRAPHY

GEOLOGY

BIOTA

SETTLEMENT SYSTEM

COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION

HOUSING

POPULATION, HEALTH, AND DISEASE

SUBSISTENCE

INDUSTRIAL ARTS

TRADE

DIVISION OF LABOR

DIFFERENTIAL ACCESS OR CONTROL OF RESOURCES

WILD FOODS

DOMESTIC FOODS

UTENSILS

ORNAMENTS

SOCIAL ORGANIZATON

POLITICAL ORGANIZATION

CONFLICT

RELIGOUS BELIEFS

RELIGIOUS PRACTITIONERS

CEREMONIES

ARTS

DEATH AND AFTER LIFE

FRONT

BODY

eHRAF Archaeology

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The Nazca tradition was centered in the Río Grande de Nasca Basin and Ica Valley from 2200–1300 BP, with presence or influence along the south coast from the Cañete to Yauca valleys and into the adjacent highlands of Peru. The people were sedentary agriculturalists dependent on irrigation or wells for water and had domestic animals (llamas, alpacas, and guinea pigs). The settlement hierarchy and burial data indicate a chiefdom level of organization. Ceremonial centers may have primarily been pilgrimage destinations. The tradition is known for its ceramics with complex naturalistic or mythical polychrome designs, decorated textiles, pyro-engraved gourds, clay panpipes, and the geometric and figurative geoglyphs known as the Nazca Lines. There is evidence of warfare, with the taking of trophy heads for ritualistic purposes.

Nazca

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Nazca

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