Bibliographies in Sources

Organization and Analysis of Results

Religious and Educational Structures

5311

Visual Arts

Lineages

General Character of Religion

Spirits and Gods

Sacred Objects and Places

Reviews and Critiques

Special Garments

Ornament

Status, Role, and Prestige

Production and Supply

Division of Labor by Gender

Occupational Specialization

Topography and Geology

Flora

Location

Weapons

Instigation of War

Aftermath of Combat

Bodily Injuries

Building Interiors and Arrangement

Dwellings

Outbuildings

Community Heads

Domesticated Animals

Pastoral Activities

Tillage

Identification

Chronologies and Culture Sequences

Property in Movables

Settlement Patterns

Food Quest

Collecting

Fowling

Hunting and Trapping

Fishing

Woven and Other Interworked Fabrics

Metallurgy

Organized Ceremonial

Nutrition

Preservation and Storage of Food

Diet

Internal Trade

Highways and Bridges

Animal Transport

Diagnostic Material Attributes

Territorial Hierarchy

Priesthood

Congregations

General Tools

Utensils

Population

Gratification and Control of Hunger

Mineral Resources

Sociocultural Trends

Community Structure

Fauna

Social Control

Eschatology

Climate

TRADITION SUMMARY: HIGHLAND ANDEAN FORMATIVE

ORIENTATION

ENVIRONMENT

SETTLEMENTS

ECONOMY

SOCIOPOLITICAL ORGANIZATION

RELIGION AND EXPRESSIVE CULTURE

SYNOPSIS

INDEXING NOTES

ALTERNATIVE NAMES

ABSOLUTE TIME PERIOD

RELATIVE TIME PERIOD

LOCATION

DIAGNOSTIC MATERIAL ATTRIBUTES

REGIONAL SUBTRADITIONS

TOPOGRAPHY

CLIMATE

GEOLOGY

BIOTA

SETTLEMENT SYSTEM

COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION

HOUSING

POPULATION, HEALTH, AND DISEASE

SUBSISTENCE

WILD FOODS

DOMESTIC FOODS

INDUSTRIAL ARTS

UTENSILS

ORNAMENTS

TRADE

DIVISION OF LABOR

DIFFERENTIAL ACCESS OR CONTROL OF RESOURCES

SOCIAL ORGANIZATION

POLITICAL ORGANIZATION

SOCIAL CONTROL

CONFLICT

RELIGIOUS BELIEFS

CEREMONIES

ARTS

RELIGIOUS PRACTITIONERS

DEATH AND AFTERLIFE

BIBLIOGRAPHY

BODY

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eHRAF Archaeology

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Highland Andean Formative is found in the Andean region from Ecuador to Chile between 3500 and 2200 BP.  It marks the first appearance of ceramics in the region. The variety of ceramic and housing substyles suggest discrete autonomous polities.  An agro-pastoral based economy supported village and hamlet-sized settlements.  Presence of ceremonial centers suggests religious and political specialization, and some ranking or stratification. The Chavín tradition emerges midway through the phase.

Highland Andean Formative

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Highland Andean Formative

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