eHRAF Archaeology

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The Middle-Upper Yellow River Middle Neolithic Tradition occurred from 7000-5000 BP. Initially centered on the Loess Plateau, it expanded throughout the middle Yellow River Basin and into the adjacent North China Plain. The people were egalitarian agriculturalists raising millet, pigs, and some chickens; a diet supplemented by hunting, fishing, and some gathering. A two- to three-tiered settlement hierarchy developed in some areas during the middle to late tradition, with increased signs of conflict. Cemeteries show evidence of community-based ancestor cults, and specialists in divination or shamanic rituals.

Early food production in China's western Loess Plateau

A biological perspective on Yangshao kinship

Tradition Summary

Tribal segmentation and spatial variability

Centripetal settlement and segmentary social formation of the Banpo tradition

The later Neolithic Period in the central Yellow River Valley area, c.4000-3000 BC

Ancestor worship

Emergence of social inequality

Emergent social complexity in the Yangshao culture

Diet and health changes at the end of the Chinese neolithic

The evolution of early Yangshao Period village organization in the middle reaches of northern China's Yellow River valley

Author	Title	Publication Date
Barton, Loukas William	Early food production in China's western Loess Plateau	2015
Gao, Qiang	A biological perspective on Yangshao kinship	1993
Lee, Yun Kuen	Tradition Summary	2020
Lee, Yun Kuen	Tribal segmentation and spatial variability	2015
Lee, Yun Kuen	Centripetal settlement and segmentary social formation of the Banpo tradition	2007
Li, Xinwei	The later Neolithic Period in the central Yellow River Valley area, c.4000-3000 BC	2013
Liu, Li	Ancestor worship	2000
Liu, Li	Emergence of social inequality	2012
Ma, X.	Emergent social complexity in the Yangshao culture	2005
Pechenkina, Ekaterina A. (Ekaterina Alexandrovna)	Diet and health changes at the end of the Chinese neolithic	2002
Peterson, Christian E.	The evolution of early Yangshao Period village organization in the middle reaches of northern China's Yellow River valley	2010
Zhang, Zhong-Pei	The social structure reflected in the Yuanjunmiao cemetery	1985
Zhang, Zhong-Pei	The Yangshao period	2005